At a United Nations summit focused on safeguarding global biodiversity, a coalition of scientists is advocating for the protection of fungi, a diverse and often overlooked kingdom of species. Fungi, which outweigh Earth’s animals sixfold and comprise an estimated 5 million species, are crucial for ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. Despite their significance, fungi have historically been disregarded in conservation efforts aimed at plants and animals.

Recognizing the vital role of fungi in sustaining life on Earth, Chilean mycologist Giuliana Furci established the Fungi Foundation in 2012 to champion the conservation of fungi. Subsequently, other organizations like Canada-based Mycosphaera have emerged, collectively forming the Global Fungal Conservation Network. During the COP17 UN biodiversity conference in Yerevan, Armenia, the coalition unveiled the Global Strategy for Fungal Conservation.

While global biodiversity agreements emphasize the importance of balancing the health of various organisms and ecosystems, fungi are often omitted from discussions. Furci argues that fungi are integral to the survival of many plants and animals and are essential for addressing environmental challenges such as climate change and biodiversity loss.

Despite facing threats like habitat loss, climate change, and human activities, fungi are underrepresented in conservation efforts. The difficulty in identifying and counting fungal species poses challenges for their protection. In recent years, initiatives like the fungal conservation pledge have garnered support from several countries to elevate the status of fungi in conservation planning and biodiversity strategies.

By raising awareness about the significance of fungi and integrating them into conservation initiatives, individuals can contribute to preserving these essential organisms that play critical roles in sustaining ecosystems and supporting life on Earth.